Over the last years, the efficient management of mature and leachates has been a headache for institutions and companies. After two years of study and development, and after testing its effectiveness, Salher presents two compact solutions to treat these highly contaminating effluents.

Leachates are liquids produced by contact with dumping sites waste, which give way to harsh environmental contaminating issues. Nonetheless, currently only 0,13% of dumping sites are provided with appropriate installations to treat them.

Another similar issue is the one faced by farmers and ranchers to treat their effluents: manure. The high organic contaminating load of manure and leachates, together with a high concentration in nitrogen, conductivity and heavy metals, make them highly dangerous for close areas and bodies of water.

The growing concern for the care of the environment has motivated the tightening of the legislation to eliminate or reduce the pollutant load of leachate and manure that can seep into surface or underground water sources.

The options offered by the waste treatment and management market are very complex in terms of components and handling, and they take up a lot of space. In addition, the costs of transferring these liquids to external treatment plants are increasingly high.

All these factors, together with an increase in the demand for these treatments, stimulated Salher's interest in proposing solutions for this type of effluent. Thus, Salher has created two new lines of business: solutions for the treatment of manure and leachate.

The slurry generated by the female pig during the lactation phase is the most polluting of all.

Salher has tested the efficacy of its new line of treatment with pig manure

With more than 40 years of experience in the design and manufacture of equipment to treat wastewater of all kinds, Salher is now studying specific treatments for the most polluted wastewater: those of slurry from different origins.

Slurry is defined in the R.A.E. Dictionnary as the “liquid formed by the urine of the animals and what exudes from the manure” and is undoubtedly one of the greatest challenges of wastewater treatment and waste management.

To create a slurry treatment solution that adjusted as closely as possible to the reality of the livestock sector, Salher collected slurry from different origins in a pig farm in Guadalajara.

This type of slurry, pigs’ ones, are the most polluting of all; although it is true that the waste generated by lactating pigs is not as polluting as that of adult pigs or that of pregnant or lactating sows. This last typology is the most polluting.

In order to carry out this experiment, Salher used an artificial PVC lagoon installed on the farm itself, where the slurry from all the pigs was mixed. In this way, it has been possible to carry out tests with homogeneous samples at the pollutant level taken from this pool.

The slurry treatment line designed by Salher begins with an automatic screening system; a rotating sieve for the removal of solids. During the test phase, different meshes (2, 0.5 and 0.2 millimeters) were used, reaching the conclusion that the most suitable for improving yields was 0.2 millimeters.

In a second stage, the system incorporates a homogenization tank and a pipe flocculator where the chemical conditioning of the discharge is carried out. This one receives an air supply through diffusers and a coagulant and flocculant supply, whose dosage and proportions have been previously defined in the laboratory to be as less polluting as possible.

At this point, the spill is transferred to the Vespa dissolved air float. Given that the pollutant loads are very high, Salher has oversized this equipment in order to meet the required performance.

Salher membrane treatments can be mounted on a GFRP structure with an electrical control panel.

Two tests have been carried out for the next phase of the treatment. The first consists of introducing the effluent coming out of the DAF Vespa into an inorganic membrane. The cleaning performances obtained in this test were good, however, the membrane clogged very quickly.

The second test was successful and is key for this manure treatment. The effluent goes through a horizontal helical flow ultrafiltration membrane for large flows.

The main advantages of the helical flow are that it accepts a higher concentration of wastewater to be treated, that it becomes much less dirty and that very aggressive reagents can be used to clean it without losing its filtration properties.

The results obtained by this pilot plant are appropriate to release the water without risking to contaminate natural channels and to reuse water for cleaning, irrigation and flushing.

Salher studies the least polluting chemical conditioning in its manure treatment so that its sludge is reusable as a biofertilizer

A particularly interesting aspect of this manure treatment line linked to its value as an agricultural fertilizer is the possibility of reusing what in Salher is called “the concentrate”. The sludge generated during the physical-chemical phase (in the DAF Vespa) together with the rejection of the membrane gives rise to a “concentrate” of waste rich in potassium.

The point to which Salher aspired with all his research was to be able to reduce the chemicals to the minimum possible during the wastewater treatment process so as not to contaminate this residue or “concentrate”. For example, when defining the most suitable and least polluting chemicals for the homogenization tank, in a first experience the results were not optimal, so we opted for an alternative that is better diluted and does not contaminate so much the 'concentrate”.

Salher has designed a leachates treatment plant using tubular membranes with stable operating costs

In a very similar way to the previous experience, Salher has created a compact leachate treatment line that consists of a screening system, a rotary drum sieve, a primary Vespa DAF, a secondary one and a tubular ultrafiltration membrane. Salher has the capacity to develop solutions for different flow rates, always with a prior study.

Once the pretreatment phase is completed, the question in this case is to generate two flotation streams with a double filtering stage including two Vespa dissolved air floats. In this way, what was not retained in the first DAF, is retained by the second one.

Vespa, Salher’s DAF, is a compact unit that offers very interesting performances for treating effluents as polluted as leachate and manure.

Following the Vespa, a microfiltration is included in the treatment line, using a ring filter or a sand filter, depending on the flow rate, the purpose or the budget of each project.

For the final phase, Salher has resorted to a tubular ultrafiltration system, which admits a lower water flow, but obtains a higher quality water and is prepared to treat high pollutant loads.

Leachates are going to dirty the membranes very quickly and this type of tubular system is more resistant and allows its cleaning with more aggressive and effective products, such as soda at high temperature. This ensures greater durability of the membranes and stabilizes operating costs.

The idea of ​​these slurry and leachate treatment lines is that they are compact solutions that can be incorporated inside a shed or a technical room, to be transported even from one livestock to another within the same company.

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